In most locations, the preferable option can be made easily using local staff input, combined with a security risk assessment and site security assessment. However, if both options are available, you can consider the following pros and cons:
Singular-occupant building:
A building or compound occupied by a single entity (organization or resident) may be more isolated in case of security or health emergency.
Security is more expensive to instal and maintain because costs cannot be shared.
Your organization or staff will have a greater say on who can access the building because there will be no other occupants. In this case it is easier to identify unwelcome strangers.
Occupants have more control over security measures and guards, allowing them to have direct control over access procedures, guard staffing, security procedures, installation of equipment, etc.
If you are at risk of being directly targeted because of your profile or reputation in a particular context, it may raise your risk of direct attack if you are housed in a single-occupant building.
Multi-occupant building:
Safety in numbers. Having more occupants (e.g., companies or other residents) in the building may reduce the likelihood you will be directly targetted.
Reduced security costs, as security costs such as guards, are usually shared between tenants.
Less control on who can access the building.
Less control over guards. If guard forces must be responsive to the requests and demands of multiple tenants, it can be more difficult to direct their behaviour.
Increased numbers of visitors are more difficult to keep track of. Once the visitor has gone through security, they are harder to detect and may have more time to commit a crime.
If you share a building with other occupants, you may be impacted collaterally by attacks or crimes against your co-occupants.